On rainbow connection number of cartesian product of graphs

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Mathematical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., P.O. Box 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran.

10.48308/cgasa.2026.242084.1578

Abstract

Edge coloring of a graph is a function from its edge set to the set of natural numbers (called colours). A path in an edge-colored graph with no two edges sharing the same color is called a rainbow path. An edge-colored graph is said to be rainbow connected if every pair of vertices is connected by at least one rainbow path. Such a coloring is called a rainbow coloring of the graph. The minimum number of colors required to rainbow color a connected graph is called its rainbow connection number, denoted by $rc(G)$. For example, the rainbow connection number of a complete graph is 1, that of a path is its length, and that of a star is its number of leaves. For a basic introduction to the topic, see Chapter 11 in \cite{Ch2} and for a comprehensive treatment of the area see the recent monograph by Li and Sun \cite{Li}. The concept of rainbow coloring was introduced in \cite{Ch1}.

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